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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tuzsut</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды учебных заведений связи</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of Telecommunication Universities</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-324X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-8830</issn><publisher><publisher-name>СПбГУТ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31854/1813-324X-2024-10-3-35-44</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">MDQDUX</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tuzsut-589</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭЛЕКТРОНИКА, ФОТОНИКА, ПРИБОРОСТРОЕНИЕ И СВЯЗЬ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ELECTRONICS, PHOTONICS, INSTRUMENTATION AND COMMUNICATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Интерференция между поднесущими частотами в системе DRM</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Interference Between Carrying Frequencies in DRM System</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6753-8062</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалгин</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kowalgin</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор технических наук, профессор, профессор кафедры телевидения и метрологии Санкт-Петербургского государственного университета телекоммуникаций им. проф. М.А. Бонч-Бруевича</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kowalgin@sut.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет телекоммуникаций им. проф. М. А. Бонч-Бруевича</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The Bonch-Bruevich Saint Petersburg State University of Telecommunications</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>35</fpage><lpage>44</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ковалгин Ю.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ковалгин Ю.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kowalgin Y.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://tuzs.sut.ru/jour/article/view/589">https://tuzs.sut.ru/jour/article/view/589</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. В России и в мире идет процесс постепенного перехода к цифровому радиовещанию (ЦРВ), обеспечивающему более высокое качество воспроизведения звуковых программ, значительную экономию радиочастотного ресурса, высокую помехозащищенность, существенный энергетический выигрыш по сравнению с аналоговыми системами радиовещания, возможность построения одночастотных сетей. Свойственный системам ЦРВ пороговый эффект требует учета влияния уровня интерференции между поднесущими (ИМП) OFDM-сигнала (OFDM, аббр. от англ. Оrthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing) на изменение помехозащищенности систем ЦРВ в целом. Последнее обусловлено в том числе рассогласованием частот генераторов передающего и приемного трактов систем ЦРВ. Однако в рекомендациях Международного союза электросвязи (МСЭ-R, ITU-R) и доступных публикациях отсутствуют требования, предъявляемые к стабильности частот генераторов. Работа восполняет данный пробел. </p></sec><sec><title>Цель работы</title><p>Цель работы. Повышение помехозащищенности системы цифрового радиовещания DRM.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. На основе анализа данных, имеющихся в публикациях, развит метод расчета уровня интерференции между поднесущими частотами в ситуации, когда при приеме OFDM-сигнала нет потери ортогональности поднесущих частот, а в радиоканале присутствует только белый шум (AWGN, аббр. от англ. Additive White Gaussian Noise). </p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Исследовано и оценено влияние нормализованного частотного сдвига генераторов приемного и передающего трактов системы DRM на ухудшение отношения сигнал/шум при модуляции поднесущих частот QPSK для разных уровней помехозащищенности (PL0-PL3). Показано, что величина интерференции между поднесущими частотами OFDM-сигнала зависит от условий приема, вида модуляции, скорости кода, требуемого минимального значения напряженности электромагнитного поля сигнала передатчика и требуемого минимального отношения сигнал/шум в точке приема, от собственных шумов приемника и величины атмосферного шума. Достоверность полученных результатов подтверждена экспериментальными данными других исследователей.</p></sec><sec><title>Новизна</title><p>Новизна. Полученные результаты являются новыми для системы DRM, при работе в режиме устойчивости Е в случае стационарного приема и модуляции поднесущих частот QAM-4 прием OFDM-сигнала системы DRM становится невозможным уже при рассогласовании частот генераторов приемного и передающего трактов более чем на (2,07… 2, 32) Гц. </p></sec><sec><title>Практическая значимость</title><p>Практическая значимость. Знание уровня интерференции между поднесущими частотами OFDM-сигнала при расстройке частот генераторов передающего и приемного тактов систем ЦРВ необходимо для разработки национальных нормативных документов, регламентирующих эксплуатационные характеристики оборудования систем ЦРВ. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. In Russia and worldwide, there is a gradual transition to digital radio broadcasting DRM. This transition offers higher quality sound reproduction, significant radio frequency resource savings, high interference resistance, substantial energy savings compared to analog broadcasting systems, and the ability to build single-frequency networks. The cliff effect inherent in DRM-systems necessitates considering the influence of the interference level between subcarriers (ICI, Intercarrier Interference) of the OFDM-signal (Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing) on the overall interference resistance of DRM-systems. This is partly due to the mismatch of generators in the transmitting and receiving paths of DRM-systems. However, the recommendations of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU-R) and available publications lack requirements for the stability of generators in the transmitting and receiving paths of digital radio broadcasting systems, which significantly affect their interference resistance. This work addresses this gap. </p></sec><sec><title>Goal</title><p>Goal. Improve the interference resistance of the DRM-system. </p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. Based on the analysis and development of data available in publications, a method for calculating the interference level between subcarrier frequencies is proposed for situations where there is no loss of orthogonality of subcarrier frequencies during OFDM signal reception, and only white noise (AWGN - Additive White Gaussian Noise) is present in the radio channel. </p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The impact of normalized frequency shift of generators in the DRM-system's transceiver path on the degradation of the signal-to-noise ratio when modulating subcarrier frequencies with QPSK for different levels of interference resistance (PL0-PL3) has been studied and evaluated. It is shown that the interference level between subcarrier frequencies of the OFDM signal depends on reception conditions, modulation type, code rate, required minimum signal strength of the transmitter's electromagnetic field, and the required minimum signal-to-noise ratio at the reception point, receiver's own noise, and atmospheric noise level. The validity of the obtained results is confirmed by experimental data from other researchers. </p></sec><sec><title>Novelty</title><p>Novelty. The obtained results are new for the DRM-system. In mode stability under stationary reception and QAM-4 subcarrier frequency modulation, DRM-system OFDM signal reception becomes impossible when the frequency mismatch of the transceiver path generators exceeds (2.07…2.32) Hz. </p></sec><sec><title>Practical significance</title><p>Practical significance. Knowledge of the ICI level of the OFDM-signal when the frequency of the generators in the transmitting and receiving clocks of DRM-systems is detuned is necessary for developing national regulatory documents that govern the operational characteristics of DRM system equipment.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>цифровое радиовещание</kwd><kwd>DRM</kwd><kwd>интерференция между поднесущими частотами OFDM-сигнала</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>digital broadcasting</kwd><kwd>DRM</kwd><kwd>interference between subcarrier frequencies of OFDM-signal</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бакулин М.Г., Крейнделин В.Б., Шлома А.М., Шумов А.П. Технология OFDM: учебное пособие для вузов. М.: Горячая линия – Телеком, 2016. 352 с. 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