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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tuzsut</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды учебных заведений связи</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of Telecommunication Universities</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-324X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-8830</issn><publisher><publisher-name>СПбГУТ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31854/1813-324X-2022-8-2-48-63</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">tuzsut-369</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭЛЕКТРОНИКА, ФОТОНИКА, ПРИБОРОСТРОЕНИЕ И СВЯЗЬ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ELECTRONICS, PHOTONICS, INSTRUMENTATION AND COMMUNICATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Модель технологии сетевого позиционирования метровой точности 5G NR. Часть 1. Конфигурация сигналов PRS</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Simulation Model of 5G NR Network Positioning Technology with Meter Accuracy. Part 1.PRS Signals Configuration</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5358-1895</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фокин</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fokin</surname><given-names>G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фокин Григорий Алексеевич – доктор технических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры радиосвязи и вещания</p><p>Санкт-Петербург, 193232</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg, 193232</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">grihafokin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет телекоммуникаций им. проф. М.А. Бонч-Бруевича<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">The Bonch-Bruevich Saint Petersburg State University of Telecommunications<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>48</fpage><lpage>63</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Фокин Г.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фокин Г.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fokin G.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://tuzs.sut.ru/jour/article/view/369">https://tuzs.sut.ru/jour/article/view/369</self-uri><abstract><p>Эволюция сетей подвижной связи (СПС) 1G–4G показала, что сетевое позиционирование традиционно рассматривалось как одна из дополнительных возможностей в процессе стандартизации, построения и эксплуатации сетей, которая была востребована тогда, когда сигналы глобальных навигационных спутниковых систем оказывались недоступны; определение местоположения устройств в СПС осуществлялось преимущественно в интересах экстренных служб и обеспечения правопорядка. Однако развитая инфраструктура СПС открывала широкие возможности для определения местоположения, поэтому в процессе эволюции, начиная с аналоговых СПС 1G, совершенствовались и методы позиционирования. Цифровые СПС 2G GSM способствовали развитию сетевого позиционирования с точностью до десятков-сотен метров по требованию регулятора. Глобализация СПС связана с образованием партнерского проекта 3GPP для стандартизации сетей 3G UMTS. С поколения 3G в процессе стандартизации СПС в спецификациях 3GPP стали предъявляться требования к сетевому определению местоположения. Данная тенденция получила продолжение в СПС 4G LTE и дальнейшее развитие в сетях 5G. Для сетей 5G в последних спецификациях 3GPP, в отличие от СПС предыдущих поколений, впервые формализованы требования к точности позиционирования до одного метра. При этом, помимо традиционных для 2G–4G случаев экстренного вызова, представлены сценарии позиционирования в сетях связи общего пользования, как для абонентов, так и для устройств: услуги на основе позиционирования LBS, позиционирование в промышленности и здравоохранении, при управлении дорожным движением, для железнодорожных и морских грузоперевозок, а также позиционирование с использованием беспилотных летательных аппаратов. Для решения амбициозной задачи позиционирования с точностью до одного метра, что примерно на порядок меньше, чем в СПС предыдущих поколений, в сетях 5G на уровне радиоинтерфейса используются специальные опорные сигналы позиционирования PRS (Positioning Reference Signals), впервые предложенные в СПС 4G LTE. Новый радиоинтерфейс 5G NR, в отличие от СПС предыдущих поколений 4G LTE, допускает использование на порядок более широких полос частот в диапазоне миллиметровых волн, что позволяет достигнуть метровой точности позиционирования. С точки зрения сбора и обработки первичных измерений точность позиционирования определяется, в первую очередь, используемыми сигналами. Обращение к встроенным функциям пакета расширения 5G Toolbox специального программного обеспечения Matlab позволяет визуализировать процедуры конфигурации сигналов PRS в частотно-временном домене радиоинтерфейса 5G NR. В первой части исследования, посвященного моделированию технологии сетевого позиционирования 5G NR, формализуются процедуры конфигурации сигналов PRS, используемые для сбора первичных измерений. Имитационное моделирование процедур вторичной обработки первичных измерений с результирующей оценкой координат устройств 5G NR является предметом исследования второй части. Результатом настоящей работы является обоснование проблемы достижения метровой точности позиционирования устройств в сетях пятого и последующих поколений, а также постановка задачи на вторичную обработку первичных измерений по сконфигурированным сигналам PRS. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The evolution of 1G–4G mobile communication networks (MCNs) has shown that network positioning has traditionally been considered as one of the additional features in the process of standardization, construction, and operation of networks, which was in demand when the signals of global navigation satellite systems were unavailable. MCNs were used to determine location mainly in the interests of emergency services and law enforcement. However, the developed MCN infrastructure opened up wide opportunities for determining the location of devices. Therefore, in the process of evolution, starting with analog 1G MCNs, positioning methods were also improved. Digital 2G GSM MCNs contributed to the development of network positioning with an accuracy of tens or hundreds of meters at the request of the regulator. The globalization of MCNs is associated with the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) for the standardization of 3G universal mobile telecommunications systems. Since the 3G generation, in the process of MCN standardization, the 3GPP specifications began to impose requirements for network location determination. This trend was continued in 4G LTE MCNs and further developed in 5G networks. For 5G networks, in the latest 3GPP specifications, in contrast to MCNs of previous generations, the requirements for positioning accuracy up to one meter are formalized for the first time. At the same time, in addition to the traditional 2G–4G cases of emergency calls, positioning scenarios are presented in public communication networks, both for subscribers and devices: location-based service, positioning in industry and healthcare, traffic control, rail and sea transportation, as well as positioning using unmanned aerial vehicles. To solve the ambitious task of positioning with an accuracy of up to one meter, which is approximately an order of magnitude less than in previous MCN generations, 5G networks at the radio interface level use special positioning reference signals (PRS), first proposed in 4G LTE MCNs. The new 5G NR radio interface, unlike the 4G LTE MCNs of previous generations, allows the use of an order of magnitude wider frequency bands in the millimeter-wave range (mmWave), which allows achieving meter positioning accuracy. From the point of view of collecting and processing primary measurements, the positioning accuracy is determined, first of all, by the signals used. Using the built-in functions of the 5G Toolbox extension package of the special Matlab software allows visualizing the PRS signal configuration procedures in the time-frequency domain of the 5G NR radio interface. The first part of the study considers 5G NR network positioning technology modeling and formalizes the PRS signal configuration procedures used to collect primary measurements. Simulation modeling of procedures for secondary processing of primary measurements with the resulting estimate of the coordinates of 5G NR devices is the subject of research in the second part. The result of this work is the substantiation of the problem of achieving meter accuracy of device positioning in networks of the fifth and subsequent generations, as well as setting the task of the secondary processing of primary measurements using configured PRS signals.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>5G NR</kwd><kwd>PRS</kwd><kwd>Matlab</kwd><kwd>позиционирование</kwd><kwd>метровая точность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>5G NR</kwd><kwd>PRS</kwd><kwd>Matlab</kwd><kwd>positioning</kwd><kwd>meter accuracy</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Работа подготовлена при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда по гранту № 22-29-00528.</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, grant No. 22-29-00528.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kanhere O., Rappaport T.S. 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